撈渣機廠家(jia)淺談提(ti)升(sheng)機PN結與晶閘管，提(ti)升(sheng)機PN結是以半導體(ti)PN結為(wei)基礎，由一個面積較大的(de)(de)PN結和(he)兩(liang)端引線(xian)及封(feng)裝(zhuang)組成，外形上看，主(zhu)要(yao)有螺栓型(xing)和(he)平板型(xing)兩(liang)種(zhong)封(feng)裝(zhuang)，基本結構和(he)工作原(yuan)理與信息電子電路中(zhong)的(de)(de)二(er)極(ji)管一樣(yang)，具有單(dan)向(xiang)導電和(he)不可控制的(de)(de)特點(dian)。

   晶(jing)(jing)閘(zha)管(guan)的結構(gou)的特(te)點：承受反(fan)向電壓(ya)時(shi)，不論門(men)(men)極是否有(you)觸發(fa)電流，晶(jing)(jing)閘(zha)管(guan)都不會導通(tong)。承受正向電壓(ya)時(shi)，僅在門(men)(men)極有(you)觸發(fa)電流的情況(kuang)下(xia)晶(jing)(jing)閘(zha)管(guan)才(cai)能開通(tong)。晶(jing)(jing)閘(zha)管(guan)一(yi)旦導通(tong)，門(men)(men)極 失去控制作用。要(yao)使晶(jing)(jing)閘(zha)管(guan)關(guan)斷，只能使晶(jing)(jing)閘(zha)管(guan)的電流降到接近(jin)于零的某一(yi)數(shu)值以(yi)下(xia) 。

   單相橋式全控整流電(dian)(dian)(dian)路接(jie)反電(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)勢-電(dian)(dian)(dian)阻、電(dian)(dian)(dian)感負(fu)載時的電(dian)(dian)(dian)路及波形|u2| > E 時，晶閘管(guan)承(cheng)受正電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓，才有(you)導通的可能。導通之后直至 | u2| = E，id 即降至 0 使得晶閘管(guan)關(guan)斷，此后 ud = E與電(dian)(dian)(dian)阻負(fu)載時相比，晶閘管(guan)提前了電(dian)(dian)(dian)角(jiao)度δ 停止(zhi)導電(dian)(dian)(dian)，δ 稱(cheng)為停止(zhi)導電(dian)(dian)(dian)角(jiao)。在 α 角(jiao)相同時，整流輸(shu)出電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓比電(dian)(dian)(dian)阻負(fu)載時大。

   負(fu)載為(wei)直流(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)機(ji)時(shi)(shi)，如果出現(xian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)斷續(xu)則電(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)機(ji) 的(de)(de)機(ji)械特性將很軟(ruan)。為(wei)了克服此(ci)缺點，一(yi)般在(zai)主電(dian)(dian)(dian)路中直流(liu)輸(shu)出側(ce)串聯一(yi)個平(ping)波電(dian)(dian)(dian)抗(kang)器，用(yong)來(lai)減少電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)的(de)(de)脈動(dong)和(he)延(yan)長(chang)晶閘管導通的(de)(de)時(shi)(shi)間。只要電(dian)(dian)(dian)感(gan)量足夠(gou)大， 可以滿足導通角θ=180°，輸(shu)出電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)連續(xu)平(ping)直，從而改(gai)善整(zheng)流(liu)裝置及電(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)機(ji)的(de)(de)工作(zuo)條(tiao)件。在(zai)這(zhe)種條(tiao)件下，整(zheng)流(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓ud和(he)負(fu)載電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)id波形與電(dian)(dian)(dian)感(gan)性負(fu)載電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)連續(xu)時(shi)(shi)相同，ud的(de)(de)計算公式亦一(yi)樣。